feat(web): add multiplexed WebSocket protocol and mux server

Implements backend multiplexed WebSocket server on /mux endpoint:
- Add mux-protocol.ts with ClientMessage and ServerMessage types
- Create TerminalManager class for managing PTY processes independently
- Implement mux-websocket.ts with attachMuxWebSocket() function
- Wire mux server into existing direct-terminal-ws server
- Support multiple terminals over single persistent WebSocket connection
- Implement 50KB ring buffer for background terminal output
- Add heartbeat and reconnection logic

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Gaurav Bhola 2026-04-02 16:39:53 -07:00
parent 8625137702
commit 2e5ee30fcf
3 changed files with 469 additions and 0 deletions

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@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ try {
}
import { findTmux, resolveTmuxSession, validateSessionId } from "./tmux-utils.js";
import { createObserverContext, inferProjectId } from "./terminal-observability.js";
import { attachMuxWebSocket } from "./mux-websocket.js";
interface TerminalSession {
sessionId: string;
@ -340,6 +341,8 @@ export function createDirectTerminalServer(tmuxPath?: string): DirectTerminalSer
server.close();
}
attachMuxWebSocket(server, TMUX);
return { server, wss, activeSessions, shutdown };
}

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@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
/**
* Multiplexed WebSocket server for terminal multiplexing.
* Manages multiple terminal connections over a single persistent WebSocket.
*/
import { WebSocketServer, WebSocket } from "ws";
import type { Server } from "node:http";
import { homedir, userInfo } from "node:os";
import { spawn } from "node:child_process";
import { findTmux, resolveTmuxSession, validateSessionId } from "./tmux-utils.js";
// Types copied from src/lib/mux-protocol.ts to avoid cross-boundary imports
// Client → Server
type ClientMessage =
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "data"; data: string }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "resize"; cols: number; rows: number }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "open" }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "close" }
| { ch: "system"; type: "ping" }
| { ch: "subscribe"; topics: ("sessions")[] };
// Server → Client
type ServerMessage =
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "data"; data: string }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "exited"; code: number }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "opened" }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "error"; message: string }
| { ch: "sessions"; type: "snapshot"; sessions: SessionPatch[] }
| { ch: "system"; type: "pong" }
| { ch: "system"; type: "error"; message: string };
interface SessionPatch {
id: string;
status: string;
activity: string | null;
attentionLevel: string;
lastActivityAt: string;
}
// node-pty is an optionalDependency — load dynamically
/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports -- node-pty is optional; static import would crash if missing */
type IPty = import("node-pty").IPty;
let ptySpawn: typeof import("node-pty").spawn | undefined;
/* eslint-enable @typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports */
try {
const nodePty = await import("node-pty");
ptySpawn = nodePty.spawn;
} catch {
console.warn("[MuxServer] node-pty not available — mux server will be disabled.");
}
interface ManagedTerminal {
id: string;
tmuxSessionId: string;
pty: IPty | null;
subscribers: Set<(data: string) => void>;
buffer: string[];
bufferBytes: number;
}
const RING_BUFFER_MAX = 50 * 1024; // 50KB max per terminal
/**
* TerminalManager manages PTY processes independently of WebSocket connections.
* A single manager instance is shared across all mux connections.
*/
class TerminalManager {
private terminals = new Map<string, ManagedTerminal>();
private TMUX: string;
constructor(tmuxPath?: string) {
this.TMUX = tmuxPath ?? findTmux();
}
/**
* Open/attach to a terminal. If already open, just return.
* If has subscribers but PTY crashed, re-attach.
*/
open(id: string): string {
// Validate and resolve
if (!validateSessionId(id)) {
throw new Error(`Invalid session ID: ${id}`);
}
const tmuxSessionId = resolveTmuxSession(id, this.TMUX);
if (!tmuxSessionId) {
throw new Error(`Session not found: ${id}`);
}
// Get or create terminal entry
let terminal = this.terminals.get(id);
if (!terminal) {
terminal = {
id,
tmuxSessionId,
pty: null,
subscribers: new Set(),
buffer: [],
bufferBytes: 0,
};
this.terminals.set(id, terminal);
}
// If PTY is already attached, we're done
if (terminal.pty) {
return tmuxSessionId;
}
// Enable mouse mode
const mouseProc = spawn(this.TMUX, ["set-option", "-t", tmuxSessionId, "mouse", "on"]);
mouseProc.on("error", (err) => {
console.error(`[MuxServer] Failed to set mouse mode for ${tmuxSessionId}:`, err.message);
});
// Hide the status bar
const statusProc = spawn(this.TMUX, ["set-option", "-t", tmuxSessionId, "status", "off"]);
statusProc.on("error", (err) => {
console.error(`[MuxServer] Failed to hide status bar for ${tmuxSessionId}:`, err.message);
});
// Build environment
const homeDir = process.env.HOME || homedir();
const currentUser = process.env.USER || userInfo().username;
const env = {
HOME: homeDir,
SHELL: process.env.SHELL || "/bin/bash",
USER: currentUser,
PATH: process.env.PATH || "/opt/homebrew/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin",
TERM: "xterm-256color",
LANG: process.env.LANG || "en_US.UTF-8",
TMPDIR: process.env.TMPDIR || "/tmp",
};
if (!ptySpawn) {
throw new Error("node-pty not available");
}
// Spawn PTY
const pty = ptySpawn(this.TMUX, ["attach-session", "-t", tmuxSessionId], {
name: "xterm-256color",
cols: 80,
rows: 24,
cwd: homeDir,
env,
});
terminal.pty = pty;
// Wire up data events
pty.onData((data: string) => {
// Push to all subscribers
for (const callback of terminal.subscribers) {
callback(data);
}
// Append to ring buffer
terminal.buffer.push(data);
terminal.bufferBytes += Buffer.byteLength(data, "utf8");
// Trim buffer if over limit
while (terminal.bufferBytes > RING_BUFFER_MAX && terminal.buffer.length > 0) {
const removed = terminal.buffer.shift() ?? "";
terminal.bufferBytes -= Buffer.byteLength(removed, "utf8");
}
});
// Handle PTY exit
pty.onExit(({ exitCode }) => {
console.log(`[MuxServer] PTY exited for ${id} with code ${exitCode}`);
terminal.pty = null;
// If there are still subscribers, re-attach immediately
if (terminal.subscribers.size > 0) {
console.log(`[MuxServer] Re-attaching to ${id} (has ${terminal.subscribers.size} subscribers)`);
try {
this.open(id);
} catch (err) {
console.error(`[MuxServer] Failed to re-attach ${id}:`, err);
}
}
});
console.log(`[MuxServer] Opened terminal ${id} (tmux: ${tmuxSessionId})`);
return tmuxSessionId;
}
/**
* Write data to the PTY if attached
*/
write(id: string, data: string): void {
const terminal = this.terminals.get(id);
if (terminal?.pty) {
terminal.pty.write(data);
}
}
/**
* Resize the PTY if attached
*/
resize(id: string, cols: number, rows: number): void {
const terminal = this.terminals.get(id);
if (terminal?.pty) {
terminal.pty.resize(cols, rows);
}
}
/**
* Subscribe to terminal data. Returns unsubscribe function.
* Automatically opens the terminal if needed.
*/
subscribe(id: string, callback: (data: string) => void): () => void {
// Ensure terminal is open
this.open(id);
const terminal = this.terminals.get(id);
if (!terminal) {
throw new Error(`Failed to open terminal: ${id}`);
}
// Add subscriber
terminal.subscribers.add(callback);
// Return unsubscribe function
return () => {
terminal.subscribers.delete(callback);
// If no subscribers left and PTY is not attached, remove terminal from map
if (terminal.subscribers.size === 0 && !terminal.pty) {
this.terminals.delete(id);
}
};
}
/**
* Get buffered data for a terminal
*/
getBuffer(id: string): string {
const terminal = this.terminals.get(id);
if (!terminal) return "";
return terminal.buffer.join("");
}
/**
* Close a terminal (kill PTY and remove from subscribers)
*/
close(id: string): void {
const terminal = this.terminals.get(id);
if (!terminal) return;
if (terminal.pty) {
terminal.pty.kill();
terminal.pty = null;
}
// Don't remove from map immediately — let it stay until all subscribers unsubscribe
// This allows for graceful cleanup if subscribers are still holding references
}
}
/**
* Attach mux WebSocket server to an existing HTTP server.
* Creates a /mux endpoint for multiplexed terminal connections.
*/
export function attachMuxWebSocket(server: Server, tmuxPath?: string): void {
if (!ptySpawn) {
console.warn("[MuxServer] node-pty not available — mux WebSocket will be disabled");
return;
}
const terminalManager = new TerminalManager(tmuxPath);
const wss = new WebSocketServer({
server,
path: "/mux",
});
wss.on("connection", (ws) => {
console.log("[MuxServer] New mux connection");
const subscriptions = new Map<string, () => void>();
let sessionsPollerInterval: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null;
let missedPongs = 0;
const MAX_MISSED_PONGS = 3;
// Heartbeat: send pong every 15s
const heartbeatInterval = setInterval(() => {
if (ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
const msg: ServerMessage = { ch: "system", type: "pong" };
ws.send(JSON.stringify(msg));
missedPongs += 1;
if (missedPongs >= MAX_MISSED_PONGS) {
console.log("[MuxServer] Too many missed pongs, closing connection");
ws.close(1000, "Heartbeat timeout");
}
}
}, 15_000);
/**
* Start session polling
* TODO: Implement in Phase 2 - for now, stub it out to avoid circular import issues
*/
const startSessionPolling = async (): Promise<void> => {
if (sessionsPollerInterval) return;
console.log("[MuxServer] Session polling requested but not yet implemented");
// Session polling will be implemented in a follow-up phase
// to avoid importing src/ modules from the server-side TypeScript config
};
/**
* Stop session polling
*/
const stopSessionPolling = (): void => {
if (sessionsPollerInterval) {
clearInterval(sessionsPollerInterval);
sessionsPollerInterval = null;
}
};
/**
* Handle incoming messages
*/
ws.on("message", (data) => {
// Reset missed pongs on any incoming message
missedPongs = 0;
try {
const msg = JSON.parse(data.toString("utf8")) as ClientMessage;
if (msg.ch === "system") {
if (msg.type === "ping") {
const pong: ServerMessage = { ch: "system", type: "pong" };
ws.send(JSON.stringify(pong));
}
} else if (msg.ch === "terminal") {
const { id, type } = msg;
try {
if (type === "open") {
// Validate session exists
terminalManager.open(id);
// Send buffered data
const buffer = terminalManager.getBuffer(id);
if (buffer) {
const bufferMsg: ServerMessage = {
ch: "terminal",
id,
type: "data",
data: buffer,
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(bufferMsg));
}
// Send opened confirmation
const openedMsg: ServerMessage = { ch: "terminal", id, type: "opened" };
ws.send(JSON.stringify(openedMsg));
// Subscribe to data if not already subscribed
if (!subscriptions.has(id)) {
const unsub = terminalManager.subscribe(id, (data) => {
const dataMsg: ServerMessage = {
ch: "terminal",
id,
type: "data",
data,
};
if (ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
ws.send(JSON.stringify(dataMsg));
}
});
subscriptions.set(id, unsub);
}
} else if (type === "data" && "data" in msg) {
terminalManager.write(id, msg.data);
} else if (type === "resize" && "cols" in msg && "rows" in msg) {
terminalManager.resize(id, msg.cols, msg.rows);
} else if (type === "close") {
terminalManager.close(id);
const unsub = subscriptions.get(id);
if (unsub) {
unsub();
subscriptions.delete(id);
}
}
} catch (err) {
const errorMsg: ServerMessage = {
ch: "terminal",
id,
type: "error",
message: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err),
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(errorMsg));
}
} else if (msg.ch === "subscribe") {
if (msg.topics.includes("sessions")) {
void startSessionPolling();
}
}
} catch (err) {
console.error("[MuxServer] Failed to parse message:", err);
const errorMsg: ServerMessage = {
ch: "system",
type: "error",
message: "Invalid message format",
};
if (ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
ws.send(JSON.stringify(errorMsg));
}
}
});
/**
* Handle connection close
*/
ws.on("close", () => {
console.log("[MuxServer] Mux connection closed");
clearInterval(heartbeatInterval);
stopSessionPolling();
// Unsubscribe from all terminals
for (const unsub of subscriptions.values()) {
unsub();
}
subscriptions.clear();
});
/**
* Handle connection error
*/
ws.on("error", (err) => {
console.error("[MuxServer] WebSocket error:", err.message);
clearInterval(heartbeatInterval);
stopSessionPolling();
});
});
console.log("[MuxServer] Mux WebSocket server attached to /mux");
}

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@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
// ── Client → Server ──
export type ClientMessage =
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "data"; data: string }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "resize"; cols: number; rows: number }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "open" }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "close" }
| { ch: "system"; type: "ping" }
| { ch: "subscribe"; topics: ("sessions")[] };
// ── Server → Client ──
export type ServerMessage =
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "data"; data: string }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "exited"; code: number }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "opened" }
| { ch: "terminal"; id: string; type: "error"; message: string }
| { ch: "sessions"; type: "snapshot"; sessions: SessionPatch[] }
| { ch: "system"; type: "pong" }
| { ch: "system"; type: "error"; message: string };
export interface SessionPatch {
id: string;
status: string;
activity: string | null;
attentionLevel: string;
lastActivityAt: string;
}